• BIO 180
  • Cover
  • UNIT 1. INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • UNIT 2. INTERMOLECULAR FORCES, WATER, AND ACIDS AND BASES
  • UNIT 3. CARBOHYDRATES
  • UNIT 4. LIPIDS, NUCLEIC ACIDS, AND PROTEINS
  • UNIT 5. CELL MEMBRANES-STRUCTURE AND CELL FUNCTION
  • UNIT 6. PROKARYOTES AND VIRUSES
  • UNIT 7. ENERGY BALANCE
  • UNIT 8. GLYCOLYSIS AND CITRIC ACID CYCLE
  • UNIT 9. ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
  • UNIT 10. PHOTOSYSNTHESIS
  • UNIT 11. CELLULAR TRANSPORT AND CELLULAR SIGNALING
  • UNIT 12. CELL DIVISION AND CANCER
  • Abstracts
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    • Publication Information
    SeriesBiology Department
    Pages273
    LicenseCopyrighted
    Biology

    BIO 180

    Table of Contents

    Begin Reading
    Biology 180: An Introduction to Cellular Biology is a comprehensive textbook designed for undergraduate students in introductory biology courses. The book provides a detailed overview of fundamental concepts in inorganic and organic chemistry, as well as the structure and function of the cell membrane. The text covers key topics such as prokaryotes, metabolism, photosynthesis, cellular transport, and cell division in a clear and concise manner. The authors have drawn upon the latest research and advances in the field of biology to provide students with a strong foundation in cellular biology. With a focus on practical applications and real-world examples, this book will enable students to gain a deeper understanding of the complex processes that govern cellular life. The text is written in an engaging style and is supported by numerous illustrations, diagrams, and case studies, making it an ideal resource for students of all levels of biology.
    UNIT 1. INORGANIC CHEMISTRY1
    1.1. Matter3
    1.1.1. Subatomic Particles5
    1.1.2. Radioisotopes9
    1.2. Electron Configurations13
    1.2.1. Chemical Reactions17
    1.3. Chemical Bonds19
    1.3.1. Ionic Bonds21
    1.3.2. Covalent Bonds23
    UNIT 2. INTERMOLECULAR FORCES, WATER, AND ACIDS AND BASES27
    2.1. Hydrogen Bonds29
    2.1.1. Water31
    2.1.2. Chemical Characteristics of Water33
    2.2. Water and Aqueous Solutions35
    2.3. Acids, Bases, pH, and Buffers39
    2.3.1. Acids and Bases41
    2.3.2. pH43
    2.3.3. Buffers45
    UNIT 3. CARBOHYDRATES47
    3.1. Carbon49
    3.1.1. Hydrocarbons51
    3.1.2. Isomers53
    3.2. Functional Groups55
    3.3. Carbohydrates57
    3.3.1. Monosaccharides59
    3.3.2. Disaccharides61
    3.3.3. Polysaccharides65
    3.3.4. Oligosaccharides67
    UNIT 4. LIPIDS, NUCLEIC ACIDS, AND PROTEINS69
    4.1. Lipids71
    4.1.1. Triglycerides73
    4.1.2. Phospholipids77
    4.1.3. Steroids79
    4.1.4. Lipoproteins81
    4.2. Nucleic Acids83
    4.2.1. Central Dogma87
    4.3. Proteins89
    4.3.1. Amino Acids91
    4.3.2. Amino Acid Structure93
    4.3.3. Peptide Bonds and Polypeptides95
    4.3.4. Protein Structure97
    4.3.5. Classes of Proteins103
    4.3.6. Enzymes105
    UNIT 5. CELL MEMBRANES-STRUCTURE AND CELL FUNCTION107
    5.1. Structure of the Cell Membrane109
    5.1.1. Fluid Mosaic Model of the Membrane111
    5.1.2. Membrane Phospholipids113
    5.1.3. Membrane fluidity 115
    5.1.4. Membrane Proteins117
    5.1.5. Carbohydrates121
    5.2. Cell Structures123
    5.2.1. The Cell Nucleus127
    5.2.2. The Endoplasmic Reticulum129
    5.2.3. The Golgi Apparatus131
    5.2.4. Lysosomes, Proteasomes, and Peroxisomes133
    5.2.5. Vacuoles135
    5.2.6. The Mitochondrion137
    5.2.7. Chloroplasts139
    5.3. The Cytoskeleton141
    UNIT 6. PROKARYOTES AND VIRUSES143
    6.1. Prokaryotes145
    6.1.1. Prokaryotic Morphology and Reproduction147
    6.2. Viruses149
    UNIT 7. ENERGY BALANCE153
    7.1. Energy Cycle, ATP, and Electron Carriers155
    7.2. Enzymes159
    7.2.1. Enzyme Regulation 161
    7.2.2. Metabolism 163
    7.2.3. Electron Carriers (NAD and FAD)165
    7.4. Reduction-Oxidation Reactions (Redox)169
    UNIT 8. GLYCOLYSIS AND CITRIC ACID CYCLE171
    8.1. Glycolysis173
    8.2. Metabolism Summary Part 1: Glycolysis 177
    8.3. Citric Acid Cycle181
    UNIT 9. ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN185
    9.1. Electron Transport Chain (Oxidative Phosphorylation)187
    9.2. Lipid and Protein Metabolism193
    9.2.1. Lipid Metabolism195
    9.3. Protein Metabolism199
    UNIT 10. PHOTOSYSNTHESIS201
    10.1. Photosynthesis203
    10.1.1. Light Energy205
    10.1.2. Photosynthetic pigments207
    10.1.3. Photosynthesis summarized209
    10.2. Light dependent reactions 211
    10.3. Light independent reaction or the Calvin Cycle215
    UNIT 11. CELLULAR TRANSPORT AND CELLULAR SIGNALING217
    11.1. Fluid Compartments219
    11.1.1. Osmosis221
    11.1.2. Diffusion of Solutes225
    11.2. Facilitated Diffusion229
    11.2.1. Active Transport233
    11.2.2. Primary Active Transport235
    11.2.3. Secondary Active Transport237
    11.2.4. Bulk Transport239
    11.3. Cell Signaling243
    11.3.1. Cell Signaling Pathways 245
    11.3.2. Receptor Interactions247
    11.3.3. G Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR)251
    UNIT 12. CELL DIVISION AND CANCER253
    12.1. Cell Division255
    12.1.1. Chromosomes257
    12.1.2. Interphase259
    12.2. Mitosis261
    12.2.1. Binary Fission265
    12.3. Cancer 267
    12.3.1. Regulating molecules of the Cell Cycle269
    12.3.2. Proto-oncogenes and Tumor suppressor Genes271
    Steven Christenson

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