• BIO 180
  • UNIT 1. INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • UNIT 2. INTERMOLECULAR FORCES, WATER, AND ACIDS AND BASES
  • UNIT 3. CARBOHYDRATES
  • UNIT 4. LIPIDS, NUCLEIC ACIDS, AND PROTEINS
  • UNIT 5. CELL MEMBRANES-STRUCTURE AND CELL FUNCTION
  • UNIT 6. PROKARYOTES AND VIRUSES
  • UNIT 7. ENERGY BALANCE
  • UNIT 8. GLYCOLYSIS AND CITRIC ACID CYCLE
  • UNIT 9. ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
  • UNIT 10. PHOTOSYSNTHESIS
  • UNIT 11. CELLULAR TRANSPORT AND CELLULAR SIGNALING
  • UNIT 12. CELL DIVISION AND CANCER
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  • Translations
  • 5.2.4

    Lysosomes, Proteasomes, and Peroxisomes

    As mentioned, lysosomes are also part of the endomembrane system. Lysosomes are specialized vesicles that bud off of the Golgi apparatus. A lysosome uses a pump within its membrane to transport high concentrations of H+ into its lumen, thus lowering the internal pH. The acidic environment of the lysosome allows it to break down macromolecules (such as proteins). Other organelles involved in recycling used or unneeded materials include proteasomes and peroxisomes. When a cell wants to quickly reduce the amount of a given protein, it can tag that protein with a specific signal (called ubiquitin) that sends that protein to the proteasome for degradation. The peroxisome is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances that may enter the cell by using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Peroxisomes are also involved in some metabolic reactions.

    Proteasome Degredation

    Proteasome Degradation. Original image drawn by BYU-I Biology Department Jan 2015

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    Access it online or download it at https://books.byui.edu/bio_180/524__lysosomes_prote.