BIO 264 Anatomy & Physiology I
BIO 264 Anatomy & Physiology I
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1.0. MODULE 1: TERMINOLOGY/HOMEOSTASIS
1.1. TERMINOLOGY
1.1.2. Body Directions
1.1.3. Anatomical Divisions, Subdivisions and Cavities
1.1.4. Prefixes
1.1.5. Suffixes
1.1.6. Abbreviations
1.2. HOMEOSTASIS
1.2.1. Homeostasis Defined
1.2.2. Homeostatic Control Systems
1.2.3. Feedback Response Loop
2.0. MODULE 2: INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
2.1. MATTER
2.1.1. Subatomic Particles
2.1.2. Electron Configurations
2.1.3. Chemical Bonds
2.2. WATER
2.2.1. Chemical Characteristics of Water
2.2.2. Water and Aqueous Solutions
2.3. ACIDS, BASES, PH AND BUFFERS
2.3.1. Acids and Bases
2.3.2. pH
2.3.3 . Buffers
3.0. MODULE 3: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
3.1. CARBOHYDRATES
3.1.1. Monosaccharides
3.1.2. Disaccharides
3.1.3. Polysaccharides
3.1.4. Oligosaccharides
3.2. LIPIDS
3.2.1. Triglycerides
3.2.2. Phospholipids
3.2.3. Steroids
3.2.4. Lipoproteins
3.2.5. Lipid Profile Values
3.3. PROTEINS
3.3.1. Amino Acids
3.3.2. Peptide Bonds and Polypeptides
3.3.3. Protein Structure
3.3.4. Classes of Proteins
3.3.5. Enzymes
4.0. MODULE 4: THE CELL
4.1. CELL STRUCTURES
4.1.1 . The Cell Nucleus
4.1.2 . The Endoplasmic Reticulum
4.1.3 . The Golgi Apparatus
4.1.4 . The Mitochondrion
4.1.5 . Lysosomes, Proteasomes, and Peroxisomes
4.1.6 . The Cytoskeleton
5.0. MODULE 5: CELL MEMBRANES-STRUCTURE AND TRANSPORT
5.1. STRUCTURE OF THE CELL MEMBRANE
5.1.1. Fluid Mosaic Model of the Membrane
5.1.2 . Membrane Phospholipids
5.1.3. Membrane Proteins
5.1.4. Carbohydrates
5.2. MEMBRANE TRANSPORT
5.2.1. Simple Diffusion
5.2.2. Facilitated Diffusion
5.2.3. Active Transport
5.2.4. Osmosis
5.3. INTRODUCTION TO ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
5.3.1. Ions and Cell Membranes
5.3.2. Membrane Potentials
5.3.3. Graded Potentials
5.3.4. Action Potentials
5.3.5. Refractory Periods
5.3.6. Propagation of an Action Potential
6.0. MODULE 6: NERVOUS SYSTEM ORGANIZATION
6.1. ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
6.1.1. Neuron Structure and Classification
6.1.2. Glial Cells of the CNS
6.1.3. Glial Cells of the PNS
6.2. PHYSIOLOGY OF THE NEURON
6.2.1. The Synapse
6.2.2. Summation
7.0. MODULE 7: SKELETAL MUSCLE
7.1. FUNCTIONS AND PROPERTIES OF SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE
7.2. SKELETAL MUSCLE ORGANIZATION
7.2.1. Gross and Microscopic Structure
7.3. NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION, EXCITATION-CONTRACTION COUPLING, SLIDING FILAMENT THEORY, CONTRACTURES AND CRAMPS
7.3.1. Neuromuscular Junction, Excitation-Contraction Coupling, and Sliding Filament Theory
7.3.2. Muscle Contractures and Cramps
7.4. WHOLE MUSCLE CONTRACTION
7.4.1. Motor Units
7.4.2. Physiology of a Muscle Twitch
7.4.3. Types of Muscle Contraction
7.4.4. Factors That Influence the Force of Muscle Contraction
7.4.5. Energy Source for Muscle Contraction
7.4.6. Fatigue
7.4.7. Skeletal Muscle Fiber Types
7.4.8. A Little Muscle Pharmacology
8.0. MODULE 8: METABOLISM
8.1. ENERGTY CYCLE, ATP and ELECTRON CARRIERS
8.1.1. ATP
8.1.2. Electron Carriers (NAD and FAD)
8.2. GLYCOLYSIS
8.3. CITRIC ACID CYCLE
8.4. ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
8.5. LIPID AND PROTEIN METABOLISM
8.5.1. Lipid Metabolism
8.5.2. Protein Metabolism
9.0. MODULE 9: CONTROL OF BODY MOVEMENT
9.1. VOLUNTARY AND REFLEXIVE CONTROL OF MUSCLES
9.1.1. Voluntary Control of Muscles
9.1.2. Reflexes
10.0. MODULE 10: THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
10.1. ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
10.1.1. Introduction to the Autonomic Nervous System
10.1.2. Structural Organization and Anatomy of the ANS
10.1.3. The SNS and the PNS
10.1.4. The Enteric Nervous System
10.2. PHYSIOLOGY OF THE ANS
10.2.1. Neurotransmitters of the ANS
10.2.2. Receptors of the ANS
10.3. ACTIONS OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
10.3.1. A Table of Actions for the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions
10.3.2. Various Drugs Used to Modify the Actions of the ANS
11.0. MODULE 11: THE BRAIN
11.1. BRAIN OVERVIEW AND CEREBRUM
11.1.1. Cerebral Cortex
11.2. THE DIENCEPHALON,BRAINSTEM AND CEREBELLUM
11.2.1. The Thalamus
11.2.2. The Hypothalamus
11.2.3. The Epithalamus
11.2.4. Brainstem
11.2.5. Cerebellum
11.3. THE LIMBIC SYSTEM, BASAL NUCLEI AND RETICULAR ACTIVATING SYSTEM
11.3.1. The Limbic System
11.3.2. The Basal Nuclei
11.3.3. The Reticular Activating System
11.4. HIGHER BRAIN FUNCTIONS: THE EEG, SLEEP AND LEARNING
11.4.1. Electroencephalogram
11.4.2. Sleep
11.4.3. Memory and Learning
11.5. THE MENINGES, CEREBRAL SPINAL FLUID AND CRANIAL NERVES
11.5.1. The Meninges
11.5.2. Cerebrospinal Fluid
11.5.3. Traumatic Brain Injury and Cranial Bleeds
11.5.4. Cranial Nerves
12.0. MODULE 12: SPECIAL SENSES
12.1. THE SENSE OF TASTE AND SMELL
12.1.1. Taste
12.1.2. The Sense of Smell
12.2. VISION: STRUCTURE OF THE EYE
12.2.1. Anatomy of the Eye
12.2.2. Focusing Light on the Retina
12.3. CONVERTING LIGHT TO ACTION POTENTIALS
12.3.1. The Retina
12.3.2. Phototransduction
12.4. THE INNER EAR: SENSE OF HEARING AND EQUILIBRIUM
12.4.1. The Nature of Sound
12.4.2. The Hearing Apparatus
12.4.3. Sound Vibrations to Action Potentials
12.4.4. The Sense of Balance and Equilibrium
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MODULE 7: SKELETAL MUSCLE
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