BIO 381 Pathophysiology
WEEK 1. INNATE IMMUNITY AND INFLAMMATION
1.1. Innate Immunity
1.1.1. The First Line of Defense
1.2. The Second Line of Defense – Inflammation and Complement System
1.2.1. Characteristics of Inflammation
1.2.2. The Inflammatory Response
1.2.3. Drugs for Inflammation and Dietary Contributions
1.2.4. The Complement System
WEEK 2. ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY, LEUKEMIA, AND OTHER BLOOD CELL PATHOLOGIES
2.1. Adaptive Immunity
2.1.1. Lymphoid Tissue
2.1.2. Thymic Selection
2.1.3. Antigens and Antigen Processing
2.1.4. Humoral Immunity
2.1.5. Cell-Mediated Immunity
2.1.6. Type I Hypersensitivity
2.1.7. Type II Hypersensitivity
2.1.8. Type III Hypersensitivity
2.1.9. Type IV Hypersensitivity
2.2. Neutropenia, Mononucleosis, Leukemia and Lymphoma
2.2.1. Hematopoiesis and Colony-Stimulating Factors
2.2.2. Neutropenia
2.2.3. Infectious Mononucleosis
2.2.4. Leukemia
2.2.5. Lymphoma
2.2.6. Multiple Myeloma
WEEK 3. HEMOSTASIS AND RED BLOOD CELLS
3.1. Hemostasis
3.1.1. Healthy Endothelium – Endogenous Antiplatelets and Anticoagulants
3.1.2. The Stages of Hemostasis
3.1.3. Inherited (Primary) Disorders NOT Involving Platelets
3.1.4. Inherited (Primary) Disorders Involving Platelets
3.1.5. Acquired (Secondary) Disorders NOT Directly Involving Platelets
3.1.6. Acquired (Secondary) Disorders Directly Involving Platelets
3.2. Red Blood Cells
3.2.1. Hemoglobin and the Breakdown of Hemoglobin
3.2.2. Important Red Blood Cell Lab Tests
3.2.3. Disorders of the Red Blood Cell Membrane
3.2.4. Types of Thalassemia
3.2.5. Role of Iron and Iron Deficiency Anemia
3.2.6. Megaloblastic Anemias
3.2.7. Aplastic and Chronic Disease Anemia
3.2.8. Polycythemia
WEEK 4. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
4.1. Disorders of Blood Vessels
4.1.1. Lipid and Lipoprotein Processing
4.1.2. Atherosclerosis
4.1.3. Hypertension
4.1.4. Hypotension
4.1.5. Disorders of Venous Circulation
4.1.6. Disorders of Arterial Circulation
4.2. Disorders of the Heart
4.2.1. Infective Endocarditis
4.2.2. Rheumatic Heart Disease
4.2.3. Cardiomyopathies
4.2.4. Heart Failure
4.2.5. Shock
WEEK 5. ENDOCRINE DISORDERS
5.1. Endocrine Disorders (Adenomas, Prolactin, Growth Hormone, and Thyroid Hormone)
5.1.1. Hypothalamic-Pituitary Regulation
5.1.2. Pituitary Adenomas
5.1.3. Prolactin (PRL) Disorders
5.1.4. Growth Hormone Disorders
5.1.5. Thyroid Hormone Disorders
5.2. Endocrine Disorders (Aldosterone, Cortisol, and ADH)
5.2.1. Adrenal Gland
5.2.2. Aldosterone (Mineralocorticoid)
5.2.3. Cortisol (Glucocorticoids)
5.2.4. Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH)
WEEK 6. NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
6.1. Disorders of Neuromuscular Function
6.1.1. Muscular Dystrophy
6.1.2. Disorders of the Neuromuscular Junction
6.1.3. Polyneuropathies and Guillain-Barre Syndrome
6.1.4. Parkinson’s Disease (PD)
6.1.5. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
6.1.6. Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
6.2. Disorders of Brain Function
6.2.1. Stroke
6.2.2. Meningitis and Encephalitis
6.2.3. Seizures
6.2.4. Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease
6.2.5. Narcolepsy
WEEK 7. MIDTERM EXAM
WEEK 8. DISORDERS OF GI FUNCTION
8.1. Disorders of GI Function Part I
8.1.1. GI Tract Anatomy
8.1.2. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
8.1.3. Inflammatory Bowel Disease
8.1.4. Infectious Enterocolitis
8.1.5. Clostridium difficile Colitis
8.1.6. E. Coli 0157:H7 and HUS
8.2. Disorders of GI Function Part II
8.2.1. Diverticular Disease
8.2.2. Intestinal Obstruction
8.2.3. GI Issues Involving Gluten
8.2.4. Disorders of the Esophagus
8.2.5. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
8.2.6. Gastritis
8.2.7. Peptic Ulcers
WEEK 9. RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
9.1. Disorders of Respiratory Function Part I
9.1.1. Disorders of the Pleura
9.1.2. Pneumothorax
9.1.3. Atelectasis
9.1.4. Asthma
9.2. Disorders of Respiratory Function Part II
9.2.1. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
9.2.2. The Common Cold and Rhinosinusitis
9.2.3. Influenza
9.2.4. Pneumonia
9.2.5. Tuberculosis (TB)
WEEK 10. SKELETAL, VISION, AND HEARING DISORDERS
10.1. Disorders of the Skeletal System
10.1.1. Mechanisms of Bone Remodeling
10.1.2. Osteopenia and Osteoporosis
10.1.3. Osteomalacia, Rickets, and Paget’s Disease
10.1.4. Osteoarthritis (OA)
10.1.5. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
10.1.6. Gout
10.2. Vision and Hearing Disorders
10.2.1. Conjunctivitis
10.2.2. The Retina, Retinopathies, and Retinal Detachment
10.2.3. Macular Degeneration
10.2.4. Glaucoma
10.2.5. Disorders of the Lens
10.2.6. Disorders of Neural Pathways
10.2.7. Disorders of the Ear - Otitis
10.2.8. Disorders of the Ear - Otosclerosis, Tinnitus, and Hearing Loss
WEEK 11. PAIN, HEADACHE, AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DISORDERS
11.1. Pain and Headaches
11.1.1. Introduction to Pain and Pain Assessments
11.1.2. Pain Transduction
11.1.3. Pain Transmission
11.1.4. Pain Perception
11.1.5. Pain Modulation
11.1.6. The Gate-Control Theory of Pain
11.1.7. Types of Pain
11.1.8. Pain Medication
11.1.9. Headaches
11.2. Reproductive System Disorders
11.2.1. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer
11.2.2. Disorders of the Uterus
11.2.3. Review of the Physiology of the Menstrual Cycle
11.2.4. Disorders of the Ovary
11.2.5. Breast Structures and Breast Cancer
WEEK 12. RENAL DISORDERS
12.1. Renal Dysfunctions, PKD, Nephrotic and Nephritic Syndromes, and Obstructive Disorders
12.1.1. Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)
12.1.2. Disorders of the Glomerulus
12.1.3. Obstructive Disorders and Kidney Stones
12.2. Kidney Functions Tests, UTI and AKI
12.2.1. Kidney Function Tests
12.2.2. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
12.2.3. Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
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Prolactin (PRL) Disorders
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