• Abstracts

    • Abstracts

    Homeostasis, Membranes, Electrophysiology and ANS
    Homeostasis
    Homeostasis Defined
    Homeostatic Control Systems
    Feedback Response Loop
    Cell Transport; Water & Solutes
    Fluid Compartments
    Osmosis
    Diffusion of Solutes
    Active Transport
    Bulk Transport
    Electrophysiology
    Ions and Cell Membranes
    Membrane Potentials
    Graded Potential
    Action Potentials
    Refractory Periods
    Propagation of an Action Potential
    The Synapse
    The Autonomic Nervous System
    Organization of the Nervous System
    Structural Organization of the ANS
    The SNS and the PNS
    The Enteric Nervous System
    Physiology of the ANS
    Neurotransmitters of the ANS
    Receptors of the ANS
    Actions of the Autonomic Nervous System
    Table of Actions for the SNS and PNS and Some Common Drugs
    Skeletal Muscle and Special Senses
    Structural Organization of Skeletal Muscle
    Neuromuscular Junction, Excitation-Contraction Coupling
    Muscle Contractures and Cramps
    Whole Muscle Contraction, Fiber Type, Fatigue and Muscle Pharmacology
    Motor Units
    Factors that Influence the Force of Contraction
    Energy Source for Muscle Contraction
    Skeletal Muscle Fiber Types
    Fatigue
    Muscle Pharmacology
    Smooth Muscle
    Smooth Muscle Contraction
    Control of Body Movement
    Voluntary Control of Muscle
    Reflexes
    Taste and Smell
    Taste
    The Sense of Smell
    Vision
    Structure of the Eye
    Focusing Light on the Retina
    Converting Light to Action Potentials
    The Retina
    Phototransduction
    Receptive Fields
    Hearing and Equilibrium
    The Nature of Sound
    The Hearing Apparatus
    Sound Vibrations to Action Potentials
    The Sense of Balance and Equilibrium
    Cardiovascular System
    Structure of the Heart
    Chambers and Circulation
    Cardiac Cell Action Potentials
    Action Potentials in Cardiac Muscle Cells
    Action Potentials in Cardiac Autorhythmic cells
    Cellular Mechanisms of Inotropy and Chronotropy
    Electrophysiology of Heart Muscle
    Heart Conduction System
    Electrocardiogram (ECG)
    Abnormal ECG - Current of Injury
    The Cardiac Cycle
    Cardiac cycle
    Cardiac Measurements and Pressure Volume Loops
    Blood vessels and Blood Pressure
    Arteries and Veins
    Capillaries
    Blood Pressure Regulation and Shock
    Capillary Exchange
    Myogenic and Paracrine Regulation of Vasoconstriction and Vasodilation
    Blood
    Composition of Blood
    Hematopoeisis
    Breaking Down Red Blood Cells
    Hemostasis
    Urinary and Respiratory Systems
    Function and Structure of the Kidney
    Urinary System Function
    Functional Anatomy of the Urinary System
    The Nephron: Functional Unit of the Kidney
    The Renal Corpuscle: Bowman's Capsule
    Physiology of Urine Production
    Filtration
    Renal Clearance
    Tubular Reabsorption
    The main function of the nephron tubules is to recover most of the fluid (water) and solutes filtered at the glomerulus. Reabsorption of substances mainly occurs through secondary active transport with Na+. This transport is made possible by the activity of the primary active transporter, the Na+/K+/ATPase pump.
    Urine Concentration and Dilution
    Hormonal Regulation of Urine Production
    Acid/Base Balance
    Buffers
    Acid/Base Disturbances
    The Respiratory System
    Respiratory System Structure and Function
    Respiratory Membrane
    Respiratory pressures and Inspriation/Expiration
    Alveoli and Surfactant
    Pneumothorax
    Pressure-Volume Loops and the Work of Breathing
    Gas Exchange and Transport
    Gas Laws
    Partial Pressure Gradients in the Lung
    Alveolar Gas Equation
    Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport in the Blood
    Alveolar Ventilation
    Ventilation/Perfusion Ratio
    Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema
    Respiratory Control by the Medulla Oblongata
    Chemicals that Regulate Ventilation
    Digestive, Endocrine and Reproductive Systems
    Functional Anatomy of the Digestive System
    Layers of the Digestive Tract
    Enteric Nervous System
    Organs of the Digestive System
    Digestion
    Carbohydrates
    Proteins
    Lipids
    Lipoproteins
    Regulation of Digestive Secretions
    Endocrine System
    Overview of the Endocrine System
    Hormone Receptors
    Hormones of the Body
    Other Hormones: Melatonin and Pheromones
    The Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland
    Structure and Function of the Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland
    The Posterior Pituitary
    The Anterior Pituitary
    Growth Hormone
    Prolactin
    Thyroid Hormones
    Adrenal Hormones
    Pancreas
    Insulin and Glucagon
    Diabetes Mellitus
    Reproductive System Anatomy
    Female Reproductive Anatomy
    Male Reproductive Anatomy
    Sexual Development at Puberty
    Male Reproductive Endocrine Axis
    Spermatogenesis
    Female Reproductive System: Oogenesis
    Ovulation and Fertilization
    The Ovarian Cycle
    The Uterine Cycle
    Pregnancy
    Gender
    The Placebo Effect
    The Placebo Effect
    Examples of the Placebo Effect
    How do Placebos Work?
    Are Placebos Ethical?
    How do we validate actual effectiveness of placebos
    Tips for evaluating scientific evidence
    What about Faith Healings
    test chapter