SHOULDER HOPS

The shoulder joint, also called the glenohumeral joint, is a ball-and-socket (enarthrodial) joint formed between the head of the humerus and the glenoid fossa of the scapula. It has the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body, allowing you to move your arm in many directions—like reaching overhead, throwing, and rotating. However, this high mobility makes the shoulder less stable and more prone to injury. The joint relies heavily on soft tissue structures like the rotator cuff muscles, ligaments, and the labrum for support rather than support from boney structures. Most shoulder dislocations (about 95%) happen in the forward (anterior) direction because the front of the joint is less protected. When the arm is abducted and externally rotated, like when throwing a ball, the humeral head can slip out of the socket more easily due to excessive forces.