Pronation involves open chain eversion, abduction, and dorsiflexion. Supination involves open chain inversion, adduction, and plantarflexion. During Open Kinetic Chain Activities: - The talus is stabilized in the tibiotalar joint between
the tibia and fibula, while the calcaneus moves, producing supination and pronation at the subtalar joint. --- In Supination the calcaneus inverts in the Frontal plane, plantar flexes in the sagittal plane, and adducts in the horizontal plane. --- In Pronation the calcaneus everts in the frontal plane, dorsiflexes in the sagittal plane, and adducts in the horizontal plane.
During Closed Kinetic Chain Activities: - The calcaneus moves in the frontal plane, but
cannot move freely in the other planes because it is fixed to the ground by way of body weight. --- In Supination the calcaneus inverts, while the talus dorsiflexes and abducts. This creates a rigid lever for propulsion during gait.. --- In Pronation the calcaneus everts, while the talus plantar flexes and adducts. This unlocks the foot and ankle allowing the entire foot to make contact with the ground and to adapt to a variety of surfaces |