Empiricism would continue on to the present day.  It would become increasingly materialistic in French philosophy, culminating in the reductionism of Auguste Comte (1798-1857), wherein all human experience is reduced to biology, chemistry, and ultimately physics.  Rationalism, too, continues to the present day, reaching its peak in Georg Hegel's (1770-1831) idealism of the Absolute.  Hegel held that all human activity is nothing more than the working of the universe as it slowly and inevitably progresses towards ultimate Godhood.

In both empiricism and rationalism (and materialism and idealism), the human, especially the individual human person, gets lost -- either in the eternal bumping of atoms or in the grand scheme of God-making.  Our thoughts and feelings are nothing of any importance either way!  We are just carbon molecules or the twitchings of eternity.

Some philosophers were taken aback by this tendency, both before and after Comte and Hegel.  They felt that, for human beings, it was our own day-to-day living that was the center of our search for the truth.  Reason and the evidence of our senses were important, no doubt, but they mean nothing to us unless they touch our needs, our feelings, our emotions.  Only then do they acquire meaning.  This "meaning" is what the Romantic movement is all about.

I will focus on several philosophers that I believe most influenced psychology.  First is Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who is often considered the father of Romanticism.  And the last is Friedrich Nietzsche, who is sometimes considered the greatest Romantic.  Afterwards, we will look at the commonalities among these philosophers that let us talk of a Romantic Movement.